### G20 Summit in South Africa: A Historic Gathering Amidst Global Tensions The G20 Summit, taking place in Johannesburg, South Africa from November 22-23, 2025, marks a significant milestone as it is the first time the summit is being hosted on the African continent. Prime Minister Narendra Modi's participation is pivotal, as he aims to present India's perspectives on pressing global issues, including climate change, economic growth, and international cooperation. The summit is occurring against a backdrop of diplomatic tensions, particularly with the United States, which has announced its continued boycott of the event, further complicating the global dialogue [https://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2025/Nov/21/pm-modi-arrives-in-south-africa-to-discuss-key-global-issues-at-g20-summit-amid-us-boycott]. ### Structure of the G20 Summit Overview 1. **Context of the Summit** - First G20 Summit in Africa, hosted by South Africa. - PM Modi's fourth visit to South Africa, emphasizing India's growing role in global governance. - The summit's theme focuses on solidarity, equality, and sustainability [https://www.indiatoday.in/world/video/pm-modi-in-johannesburg-for-g20-summit-amid-us-south-africa-diplomatic-row-ytvd-2823566-2025-11-21]. 2. **Key Issues on the Agenda** - Discussions on climate change, economic growth, and energy transitions. - Emphasis on the Global South's priorities, including debt sustainability and disaster resilience. - Modi's intention to advocate for India's vision of "One Earth, One Family, One Future" [https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/will-present-indias-perspective-at-g20-summit-in-line-with-our-vision-pm-modi-101763694212156.html]. 3. **Diplomatic Dynamics** - The absence of key leaders, including Donald Trump, who is expected to skip the summit, raises questions about the effectiveness of the discussions. - Ongoing tensions between the U.S. and South Africa regarding participation and diplomatic relations [https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/pm-modi-g20-summit-south-africa-visit-global-south-ibsa-leaders-meeting-johannesburg-2823519-2025-11-21]. 4. **Expected Outcomes** - A focus on strengthening international cooperation and addressing global challenges. - Potential bilateral meetings on the sidelines to enhance India's diplomatic ties with other nations. - A commitment to advancing development priorities and ensuring a sustainable future for all [https://www.firstpost.com/world/g20-summit-opportunity-to-discuss-key-global-issues-pm-modi-leaves-for-south-africa-full-statement-13952653.html]. ### Summary of Findings **The G20 Summit in South Africa represents a critical juncture for global dialogue, particularly for the Global South.** 1. **Historical Significance**: This is the first G20 Summit in Africa, highlighting the continent's emerging role in global governance. 2. **Key Issues**: The agenda includes vital discussions on climate change, economic growth, and international cooperation, with a strong emphasis on the needs of developing nations. 3. **Diplomatic Challenges**: The absence of major leaders like Trump complicates the summit's dynamics, potentially limiting the scope of discussions. 4. **Future Directions**: PM Modi's participation aims to solidify India's leadership role and advocate for inclusive growth and sustainability on a global scale. The outcomes of this summit could significantly influence international relations and cooperative efforts in addressing global challenges [https://www.thehawk.in/news/world/pm-modi-arrives-in-south-africa-for-g20-leaders-summit].