### India Implements Landmark Labour Codes to Modernize Worker Protections The Indian government has officially rolled out four comprehensive Labour Codes as of November 21, 2025, marking a significant overhaul of the country's labour laws. This reform aims to modernize the labour framework, enhance worker protections, and extend social security to informal and gig workers. The new codes replace 29 outdated laws that were established during the pre-Independence and early post-Independence periods, reflecting a need for regulations that align with contemporary work environments and economic conditions [https://www.republicworld.com/business/industry-welcomes-government-s-rollout-of-four-labour-codes]. ### Structure of the Labour Code Reforms 1. **Overview of the Four Labour Codes** - The Labour Codes include: - **Code on Wages, 2019**: Establishes minimum wage standards and ensures timely payment. - **Industrial Relations Code, 2020**: Regulates industrial relations and dispute resolution. - **Code on Social Security, 2020**: Expands social security benefits to all workers, including gig and platform workers. - **Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020**: Enhances workplace safety and health standards [https://www.india.com/business/india-rolls-out-four-labour-codes-bringing-greater-security-equality-and-opportunities-for-employees-8195049]. 2. **Key Objectives of the Reforms** - Modernization of labour laws to reflect current economic realities. - Simplification of compliance for employers, making it easier to adhere to regulations. - Enhanced protections for workers, particularly in informal and gig sectors. - Promotion of a secure and predictable work environment [https://www.ibtimes.co.in/government-unveils-labour-law-overhaul-boost-rights-gig-workers-women-892941]. 3. **Expected Impact on Workers and Businesses** - Improved wages and job security through mandated appointment letters. - Expanded social security coverage, including benefits like provident fund and insurance for gig workers. - Streamlined processes for businesses, potentially leading to increased formal employment [https://www.rediff.com/business/report/govt-notifies-4-labour-codes-rationalises-labour-laws/20251121.htm]. ### Supporting Evidence and Data - **Coverage**: The new Labour Codes are expected to impact approximately **400 million workers** across various sectors in India [https://newsblare.com/employment/govt-implemented-four-new-labour-codes-to-empower-400-million-workers-replace-29-old-laws]. - **Historical Context**: The previous 29 laws were largely outdated, having been established between the 1930s and 1950s, which did not account for the modern gig economy and changing work patterns [https://www.livelaw.in/amp/top-stories/centre-brings-four-labour-codes-into-operation-with-effect-from-november-21-310772]. - **Industry Response**: Industry leaders have largely welcomed these reforms, viewing them as a necessary step towards a more efficient and equitable labour market [https://tripuranet.com/industry-bodies-and-consulting-firms-welcome-implementation-of-four-labour-codes-in-the-country.html]. ### Conclusion: A New Era for India's Workforce The implementation of the four Labour Codes represents a **transformative shift** in India's labour landscape, aiming to provide better wages, enhanced safety, and comprehensive social security for workers. 1. **Modernization**: The codes replace outdated laws with a unified framework that reflects current economic realities. 2. **Worker Empowerment**: By extending protections to gig and informal workers, the reforms aim to create a more inclusive workforce. 3. **Business Efficiency**: Simplified compliance processes are expected to encourage formal employment and boost economic growth. In summary, these reforms are poised to significantly improve the working conditions and rights of millions of Indian workers, aligning the country's labour laws with global standards and modern employment practices [https://www.hindustantimes.com/business/india-s-four-new-labour-codes-what-changes-for-workers-businesses-article-153186350.html].